48°11' N, 23°18' E, 32 miles WNW of Sighetu Marmaţiei (Sziget), 32 miles SE of Mukacheve (Munkacs). . Khust and Xуст (Ukrainian, Russian, and Rusyn: Xуст, Romanian: Hust, Hungarian: Huszt, Czech and Slovak: Chust, Yiddish: חוסט ) is a city located on the Khustets River in Zakarpattia oblast in western Ukraine near the confluence of the Tisza and Rika Rivers. The administrative center of the Khust Raion (district), the city is also a separate raion within the oblast. Khust was the capital of the short-lived republic of Carpatho-Ukraine. Jewish population: 1,062 (in 1880), 3,391 (in 1921)
- JewishGen SubCarpathia SIG
- JewishGen Hungary SIG
- Encyclopedia of Jewish Life (2001), p. 258: "Chust".
Chabad Jewish Community of Khust, Chairman: Vladimir Kats
Address: 11, Nezalezhnist Sq, Khust, Zakarpattya region 90400 Ukraine
Phone: 380-66 778-5786
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Address: pl. Independence, 11 Phone: (066) 778-57-86
- Chust and vicinity: a memorial book of the community
(Rehovot, Israel, 2002) - Kehilat Khust ve-ha-sviva: sefer zikaron
(Rehovot, Israel, 2000) - Hust u-venoteha: le-toldot ir va-em be-Yisrael u-kehiloteha ha-kafriyot
(Jerusalem, 2007) Internet Encyclopdia of Ukraine [July 2014] [This article originally appeared in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1989).] Holocaust. [July 2014] Ghetto [July 2014] - Yale Video Archive A Witness To Horror Of The Holocaust
- Trains to Freedom, Trains to Hell
- Khust - Jewish Virtual Library: "The Jewish community established in the middle of the 18th century numbered 14 families in 1792. Jacob of Zhidachov was appointed as the first rabbi in 1812. In the mid-19th century, the community became one of the largest and most important in northern Hungary, mainly through the authority of the Orthodox leader, Moses *Schick, rabbi of Khust from 1861 to 1879. Most of the Orthodox rabbis in Hungary were trained in his yeshivah, which had some 400 students. His successors, Amram *Blum and Moses *Grunwald (1893-1912), prevented the development of Ḥasidism in the community. Under Czechoslovakian rule (1920-38), Khust had an active Jewish life: five town councillors represented a United Jewish Party in 1923. The rabbi of the city from 1921 to 1933 was Joseph *Duschinsky, later rabbi of the separatist Orthodox community of Jerusalem. The number of Jews living in the town was 3,391 in 1921, 4,821 in 1930, and 6,023 (of a total population of 21,118) in 1941. Most of the businesses and artisan shops in the town belonged to Jews, among them three banks, factories, and flour mills. Among professionals were seven doctors, three pharmacists, and officials. The Jews of Khust were among the first to suffer when the area came under Hungarian rule in March 1939. Jewish men of military service age were forced into the labor battalions, some were sent to the Eastern front, where they perished. Hundreds without Hungarian citizenship were deported to Ukraine, and were murdered there. In 1942 there were approximately 100-130 yeshivah students in Khust. In March 1944 there were 5,351 Jews in Khust, and a ghetto and a Judenrat were set up. Another 5,000 Jews from the area were brought into the ghetto. In late May and early June, all ghetto inhabitants were deported in four transports to Auschwitz, where most of them were sent to gas chambers. In June 1944 the town was declared "*judenrein." A few dozen Jews volunteered for the Czechoslovakian army, which fought together with the Soviet army. After World War II the community was revived. In the late 1960s the authorities permitted a synagogue to open in Khust, the only one in the district, and the community had a shoḥet. At the time the number of Jewish families in the town was estimated at 400."
- KehilaLink
- Wikipedia: "In 1861, Rabbi Moshe Schick, known as the "Maharam Schick" established - what was at that time - the largest yeshiva (Torah academy) in Eastern Europe, in Khust. This yeshiva had over 800 students." Also see listing of rabbis
CEMETERY:
Khust photographs [July 2014]
- JOWBR: New Jewish Cemetery
KHUST: 295600, US Commission No. UA06030101 (New Cemetery)
Alternate names: Huste (Yiddish), Khust (German), Huszt (Hungarian), Hust (Russian), Chust (Czech.) and Chut (Ukraine). in Zakarpatskaya Oblast, Transcarpathia at 48º10' N, 23º18' E, about 195 km WSW of Chernovsty, 120 km from Uzhorod. Present town population is 25,001-100,000 with 11-100 Jews (?).
The earliest known Jewish community was middle 19th century. 1939 Jewish population (census) was 11276. The last known Hasidic burial was 1990s. No other towns or villages used this landmarked cemetery. The isolated urban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off Ostrovskogo Street, access is open to all. A continuous masonry wall with non-locking gate surrounds the cemetery. 501 to 5000 stones, all in original location with less than 25% of surviving stones toppled or broken, date from the 19th century. Location of any removed tombstones is unknown. The cemetery has no special sections. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery and other. Adjacent properties are residential. The cemetery boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Occasionally, organized individual tours and local residents visit. This cemetery has not been vandalized. Vegetation was cleared and wall fixed. Jewish survivors pay the regular caretaker. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Slight threat: existing nearby development and proposed nearby development.
Hodorkovskiy Yuriy Isaakovich of 252037, Kiev, Vozduhoflotskiy Prospect 37a, Apt. 23 [Phone: (044) 769505] visited site and completed survey on 8/23/94. Interviewed was Oros V.I.
photos. [July 2014]
- JOWBR: Old Jewish Cemetery
UPDATE: Present Jewish population is approximately 120 with 30 Jewish families. Interested are Rabbi of Transcarpathian Oblast: Mr. I.B. Hoffman, Proletarskaya #1, Khust, Ukraine (Synagogue caretaker). Rabbi of the Transcarpathian Oblast: Rabbi C. Hoffman, Boulevard Lenina 5-Kvartira 13, Mukacevo. Telephone: 38 03131 29880, FAX: 41151. There are two cemeteries for the town. This is the modern one at crown of a hill and separate but near other cemeteries. Cemetery is reached by turning directly off public road. Cemetery has no wall or fence. 20-100 stones (possibly more), with none broken or toppled, are marble, finely smoothed/inscribed stones, some with portraits, metal fences, and/or metallic decorations. Inscriptions are in Hebrew, Yiddish, or Ukrainian. Site is used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are other cemeteries. Diane Goldman (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)(& Herb Meyers), 4977 Battery Lane, Bethesda MD 20814 visited the site on 4 August 1998. She completed the survey on 1 March 1999.
Gravestone photos. [July 2014]
Photo source: Marla Raucher Osborn/Facebook
[UPDATE] Photos by Charles Burns [March 2016]