KOMARGOROD: [KOMARGRÓD, Gorshevka, KOMARHOROD , KOMEIRID , Vinnyts'Ka Oblast'

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ALTERNATE NAMES: KOMARGOROD [RUS], KOMARHOROD AND КОМАРГОРОД [UKR], KOMEIRID [YID], KOMARGRÓD [POL], KOMAR-GOROD, 48°32' N, 28°37' E, 15 MILES SW OF TULCHIN, 38 MILES E OF MOHYLIV-PODILSKYY, 49 MILES S OF VINNYTSYA. 1900 Jewish population: 481.

Source with pictures: "Komargorod (also Komaygorod, Heb. Komeyrid) - village Tomashpil region Vinnytsia region, up to 1923 - the county town Yampolsky Podolia. About stays Komargorode Jews in the first half of the XVII century. report responsa of Rabbi Abraham Cohen Lviv Rappoport, Save Record readings of Jewish youths from Komargoroda Hanan son p. Michael. He fled with his family from the city in June 1648 by the advancing Cossacks impregnable, as it seemed, the fortress Tulchin. Of the hundreds of Jewish neighborhood who had taken refuge in the castle Tulchin, a little fortunate to escape, and among them was this young man. Cossacks seized Komargorod likely destroyed the remaining Jews there. At the beginning of the XVIII century in the town returned Chetvertinskih princes. In the second half of the XVIII century. number of Jewish community Komargoroda not exceed 100 people. According to the census in 1765 there lived 86 21 Jews in the house at the reception attended by Jews Rabbi Shmirka Abramovich, "quarterly" Fishel Shlomovich and "schoolboy" Aron Leyzerovich.census in 1776 reported only nine Jewish houses in which lived 13 families (32 people), these numbers have certified two tenant - Itsko Moshkovich and Leiba Hershkowitz. In 1852 there were 8 Komargorode Jewish artisans. In 1853, according to official figures in the town was one "school prayer" and its 338 parishioners, the community used the services of a rabbi Tomashpol. In 1871, 204 of residents have been attributed to trading estate (mostly Jews), and 845 - to agriculture, in the town had a total of 192 homes. In 1889, the Jewish community numbered 300 people at its disposal were two synagogues. In 1891 were established in Komargorode weekly bazaars, held on Tuesdays. Regular trading significantly improved the welfare of the Jews, which was reflected in the development of building and growing Jewish population. By the end of the XIX century. in the village (excluding suburbs) was more than fifty houses, inhabited by about 500 people. At the beginning of XX century was a small Komargorod closely built-up spot with a dozen Jewish shops on the main street. During the Civil War, many Jews fled to neighboring Bessarabia Komargoroda . In the 1920s. community institutions were closed by Soviet power.Jewish craftsmen - plumbers, joiners, carpenters, painters and others - have joined the gang. significant part of the school teachers and college Komargoroda economic as well as medical staff in 1920-1930-ies. were Jews. In 1924 Komargorode was organized Jewish collective farm named after Petrovsky, who specialized in the cultivation of grain. Among the members of the collective farm were Ukrainians. In 1941, before the Nazi occupation in the town there were about 400 Jews. During the Nazi occupation (July 1941 - March 1944). Komargorod appeared in the Romanian occupation zone (Transnistria). Almost all Jews, not subject to mobilization remained in place. First in Komargorod entered German military units in three weeks - Romanian. August 9, 1941 Romanian invaders shot seven men, heads of Jewish families, as well as family Bessarabian Jews. After that execution, the first in the area, many Jews fled komargorodskie from the village, mainly in Tomashpol, and when it began shooting, returned home again. Komargoroda created in the center of the ghetto and rounded up all the Jews there from the village and surrounding villages. Fenced by barbed wire ghettos existed from October 15, 1941 to March 10, 1944, the fence was held on the main street (now Victory Street). property left in the abandoned Jewish homes were plundered by locals. However, there were Ukrainians who helped their Jewish neighbors, they left at the fence of the ghetto food, hid Jews caught outside the ghetto during the raid, invited teens on a variety of work, which paid for the food. occupation authorities used the working-age population in the agricultural sector. Worked in the fields of Jews lived there, in the back rooms. They returned to the ghetto once a month to clean up and change clothes, so constantly remained in the ghetto only children and the elderly. Komargoroda After his release March 16, 1944 in the village of renewed Jewish community life. During the early postwar years Komargorode acted Jewish collective farm. In 1952 it was merged with the Ukrainian, in the 1960-1970s. kolkhoz led Jewish agronomist Volokh. Until the mid-1960s. in the village was going to minyan. By the end of 1960. former place is desolate, Jewish homes have invaded family of Ukrainian peasants. C. 1980.Komargorode Jews lived." Lukin, "100 Jewish towns in Ukraine" Detailed photo

 

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Oks Vladimir Moiseevich of 270065, Odessa, Varnenskaya 17D, Apt. 52 [Phone: (0482) 665950] visited site and completed survey on 7/5/94. Interviewed were residents of Komargorod. Documentation: Population of towns of the Podol region, Krilov, 1905. Other documentation exsits but inaccessible.

[UPDATE] Photos by Charles Burns [March 2016]

 

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Parent Category: EASTERN EUROPE