KOLKI: Volynskaya

Yizkor Book [August 2010]

KOLKI I:     US Commission No. UA02160501
Alternate names: Kolki (Yiddish), Kolk (German) and Kolke (Hungarian). Kolki is located in Volynskaya at 51º6 21º40, 70 km from Lutsk, 495 km from Kiev, and 69 km from Rovno. The mass grave is located at western side in the woods on the road past the sanatorium. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.

• Town officials: Village Executive Council of 264830, Kolki, Manevichi region, Grushevskogo Street, 41 [Phone: (03376) 32904]. Town Housing Department of Kolki, Makarevicha Street, 10A, [Phone: (03376) 32631].
• Regional: Oblast Cultural Department.Department for the Protection of Monuments of 263005, Lutsk, Galana Street, 2, Chemeris Elena Vladimirovna.
  
• Volyn Jewish community, Volyn Jewish Community of 263005, Lutsk, Vinnichenka Street, 49, apt. 6 [Phone: (03322) 31047].
  
• Others: Chaiczyk Zigmund, Ha Parca -38, Tel-Aviv. Leon Kolker, 222 New Salen Dr, St. Louis MO 63141, USA. Jimmy Kolker counselor, Embassy of USA, P.O. Box 9, Gaborone Botswana [Phone: f. 356947].
  

The earliest known Jewish community was 18th century. 1939 Jewish population (census) was 860. Effecting the Jewish Community were World War I and Civil War. The Jewish mass grave was dug in 1941. No Jews from other towns or villages were murdered here. The unlandmarked isolated rural-agricultural hillside has signs or plaques in local language mentioning the Holocaust. Reached by road to v. Malaya Ognitsa, access is open to all. A continuous fence with no gate surrounds site. 1 to 20 common tombstones, all in original location with none toppled or broken, date from 1991. Location of any removed tombstones is unknown. The mass grave has only. The site contains marked mass graves. The municipality owns the property. Adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, organized individual tours and private Jewish or non-Jewish visitors visit. This mass grave has not been vandalized. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear site. Within the limits of the mass grave are no structures. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access. Slight threat: weather erosion.
Kirzhner Moisey of 263005, Lutsk, Grushevskogo Street, 18, Apt. 38 [Phone: (03322) 34775] visited site and completed survey on 22/03/1995. Interviewed were Nakonechniy V.A. of Lutsk on 21/03/1995 and Lytnikova A.K. of Kolki, Centralnaya Street 5 on 22/03/1995. Documentation: Shmuel Spector. The Holocaust of Volhynian Jews. 1941-1945, Yad Vashem. Jerusalem: The Federation of Volhynian Jews. 1990. p. 308-310; newspaper Zarya Komunizmu 24.08.1991 #100. Other documentation exists but was inaccessible.
KOLKI II:     US Commission No. UA02160101
The cemetery is located at center in the hospital grounds opposite the town cemetery. The Jewish cemetery was established in the 18th century with last known Hasidic burial in 1940. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The urban flat land, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by road to Manevichi, access is open to all. No wall, fence, or gate surrounds site. No stones are visible. Location of any removed tombstones is unknown. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. The municipality owns the site used for industrial or commercial use and hospital town. Adjacent properties are residential. The cemetery boundaries are smaller now than 1939 because of other. Rarely, private visitors and local residents visit. The cemetery was vandalized frequently in the last ten years. There is no maintenance. No structures. Very serious threat: existing nearby development and proposed nearby development. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access.
Kirzhner Moisey of 263005, Lutsk, Grushevskogo Street, 18, Apt. 38 [Phone: (03322) 34775] visited site and completed survey on 22/03/1995. Interviewed on 22/03/1995 were Yarmolyuk Emiliya Ivanovna of Kolki and Lytnikova Anna Konstantinovna of 264830, Kolki, Centralnaya Street 5. Documentation: State Archive of Volynskaya Oblast Fond 96, op.1, d.81, 210,260, 305, 442, 444, 496; 1854, 1858, 1860, 1863, 1864 Metrical book of death/birth/marrige. Other documentation exists but was inaccessible.