ALTERNATE NAMES: ZNAM"YANKA and Знам'янка [UKR], ZNAMENKA and Знаменка [RUS], ZNAM'JANKA, SNAMENKA, ZNAMENKA PERVAYA, ZNOMENKA. 48°43' N, 32°40' E, 24 miles NE of Kirovohrad (Yelizavetgrad), 21 miles W of Oleksandriya..Jewish population: 653 (in 1939).
The city has a special status within the oblast, as a municipality that combines the city of Znamianka, the town of Znamianka Druha, and the village of Vodyane. The city itself is known for its railway station. Wikipedia. [Feb 2014]
- JewishGen Ukraine SIG
- Słownik Geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego (1880-1902), XIV, p. 653: "Znamionka".
- Shtetl Finder (1989), p. 128: "Znamenka".
- Encyclopedia of Jewish Life (2001), pp. 1515-16: "Znamenka".
CEMETERY:
ZNAMENKA I: US Commission No. UA10190103
Znamenka is 40 km from Kirovograd and 176 km from Dnepropetrovsk. The cemetery is located at north part of town. Present town population is 25,001-100,000 with 101-1,000 Jews.
- Town officials: Executive Committee of the town. Shkoda Vyacheslav Evgenievich [Phone: (05233) 52823] and Major architect of the town.
- Regional: Regional State Department. State Dept. of Kirovogradskaya Oblast
- Jewish Community of Znamenka.
- The earliest known Jewish community was 19th century. 1939 Jewish population was 774. Effecting the Jewish community were 1905 pogroms, Civil War pogroms with last known Hasidic burial in 1970. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The suburban flat land, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. A continuous fence with no gate surrounds the cemetery. The approximate size of cemetery is now 0.20 hectares. 101 to 500 stones, all in original location, date from 1945. Locations of any removed stones are unknown. The cemetery has no special sections. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces, iron decorations or lettering, portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Municipality owns property used for the Jewish part on the mixed cemetery. Properties adjacent are commercial or industrial and forest. The cemetery boundaries are larger now than 1939. Rarely, private visitors and local residents visit. Jewish individuals within country cleaned stones and cleared vegetation 1945 to 1970. Now, occasionally authorities clear or clean. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Moderate threat: vegetation (seasonal). Slight threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion (seasonal), pollution, vandalism and proposed nearby development.
- Khodorkovsky Yury Isaakovich of Apt. 23, 37A Vozduhoflotsky Pr., Kiev [Phone: (044) 2769505] visited site on 25/11/96. Interviewed on 25/11/96 was Shkoda Vyacheslav Evgenievich. Khodorkovsky completed survey on 06/12/96.
- ZNAMENKA II: US Commission No. UA10190501
- The unlandmarked mass grave is located at N of town. The last known Jewish burial was in 1942. The isolated suburban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. No wall or fence surrounds the mass grave. No stones are visible. The mass grave has only common tombstones and unmarked mass graves. The municipality owns property used for Jewish cemetery only. Properties adjacent are residential, forest, and hospital. The mass grave boundaries are larger now than 1939. Rarely, local residents visit. This mass grave was not vandalized. There is no maintenance. Very serious threat: uncontrolled access (The mass burial is unmarked with no fence; nearby are residences with economy build [sic]) and existing nearby development. Serious threat: proposed nearby development Moderate threat: weather erosion (seasonal), pollution and vandalism. Slight threat: vegetation (seasonal).
- Khodorkovsky Yury Isaakovich of Apt. 23, 37A Vozduhoflotsky Pr., Kiev [Phone: (044) 2769505] visited site on 25/11/96. Interviewed on 25/11/96was Shkoda Vyacheslav Evgenievich. Khodorkovsky completed survey on 06/12/96.
- ZNAMENKA III: US Commission No. UA10190101
- The unlandmarked cemetery is located at S outskirts of the town. The last known Jewish Hasidic was in the 19th century. The suburban, hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by to Lenina St. to the lake, access is open to all. No wall or fence or gate surrounds the cemetery. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.80 and is now 0.50 hectares. Locations of any removed stones are unknown. No stones are visible ORThe cemetery has only common tombstones. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Municipality owns property used for industrial or commercial use. Properties adjacent are recreational and commercial or industrial. The cemetery boundaries are smaller now than 1939 because of commercial or industrial development. Rarely, local residents visit. The cemetery was not vandalized in the last ten years. There is no maintenance. Within the limits of the cemetery the building of Rybtrest [sic]. Very serious threat: vandalism (All tombstones were destroyed; the cemetery use for industrial building) and existing nearby development. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion (seasonal), pollution and proposed nearby development. Slight threat: vegetation (seasonal).
- Khodorkovsky Yury Isaakovich of Apt. 23, 37A Vozduhoflotsky Pr., Kiev [Phone: (044) 2769505] visited site on 25/11/96. Interviewed were Shkoda Vyacheslav Evgenievich on 25/11/96. Khodorkovsky completed survey on 05/12/96.
- ZNAMENKA IV: US Commission No. UA10190102
- The cemetery is located at central of the town. The last known Hasidic burial was 1941. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The urban flat land, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. No wall or fence or gate surrounds the cemetery. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII and now is 0.70 hectares. 1 to 20 common tombstones, none in original location, date from 1930. Locations of any removed stones are unknown. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Municipality owns property used for recreational use (park, playground, and sports). Properties adjacent are recreational and residential. The cemetery boundaries have not changed since 1939. Occasionally, local residents visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II and not in the last ten years. Now, occasionally authorities clear or clean. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Very serious threat: vandalism (The tombstones are destroyed). Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and weather erosion (seasonal). Slight threat: pollution, vegetation, existing and proposed nearby development.
- Khodorkovsky Yury Isaakovich of Apt. 23, 37A Vozduhoflotsky Pr., Kiev [Phone: (044) 2769505] visited site on 25/11/96. Interviewed were Shkoda Vyacheslav Evgenievich on 25/11/96. Khodorkovsky completed survey on 06/12/96. Documentation: look to Add. Comm. [sic]