HAGUE, The (Den Haag, Gravenhage)

• The seat of the Dutch government where many Jews lived, and still live with a Jewish Community center and several synagogues.Jewish settlement dates from the 17th century arrival of Portuguese Jewish diplomats, physicians, and merchants.The first Ashkenazic Jew, a ritual slaughterer, settled in 1674. The most popular attraction in the city is the Madurodam, an authomated miniature city on a 1:25 scale built by the Maduro family in memory of George Maduro, a Jewish military hero who died in Dachau. The historical museum offers insight into the city's Jewish population. In 1844, a new Ashkenazic synagogue was consecrated on the Wagenstraat and financed in part by contributions from King Willem II. In 1887 another Ashkenazic synagogue, located in the Voldersgracht, was built and remained open until 1926. Smaller synagogues served congregations scattered throughout the city. In addition, a Jewish family named Lehren maintained a private synagogue in their home.In 1925, the Ashkenazi community opened a central administrative building on Nieuwe Molstraat around the corner from the synagogue on the Wagenstraat and a large new synagogue on the De Carpentierstraat in 1937.

• Wikipedia. [Nov 2014]

• Jewish History [Dec 2014]
• .J. Michman, H. Beem, and D. Michman, Pinkas: geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland (1999).
• Painter Solomon Leonard Verveer lived there. [Dec 2014]
• JStor Documentation of the Jewish Cemetery

CEMETERY: Scheveningseweg, Den Haag

• In 1694, Ashkenazi Jews purchased land for a cemetery on present-day Scheveningseweg where Portuguese Jews also buried their dead but, by 1710, the Portuguese had pressured the Ashkenazim to divide the cemetery into separate burial grounds for each.
  

• Jewish War Grave. The Jewish Cemetery of The Hague contains the grave of Marianne Rachel Moresco-Henriques de Castro, who died in Camp Westerbork. The grave is registered by the Dutch War Graves Commission. [Dec 2014]
• Holocaust Memorial for 15,000+ murdered: Het Kerkehout 6, Wassenaar and the Child Memorial for 1700 children at Rabbijn Maarsenplein. [Dec 2014]
• Skull and crossbone motif appears here as it does in other old Sephardi cemeteries.

Spinoza Tomb: "After his death, his remains were not permitted to be buried in any Jewish cemetery. Spinoza is buried in the churchyard of the Nieuwe Kirk on Spuistraat." Source: Israelowitz, Oscar. Guide to Jewish Europe. Brooklyn, NY: Israelowitz Publishing, 1995, p. 213. [October 2000] Baruch Spinoza during the last years of his life. There are several museums located in the houses he occupied, which are run by the Spinoza Society. Additionally, his grave is located in the Churchyard of the Nieuwe Kirk (New Church). While his excommunication prevented him from being buried in a Jewish cemetery, a memorial adorned with the Hebrew word "amcha" ("your people") was placed on the site in 1956 by the Israel Spinoza Society, on the 300th anniversary of his excommunication.